Stapp Journal, Volume 61

Discover the latest advancements in impact biomechanics and crash injury protection with the Stapp Car Crash Journal, Volume 61. This edition features technical papers submitted to the Stapp Car Crash Journal in 2017 and presented at the 2017 Stapp Car Crash Conference. The Stapp Car Crash Conference is the premier forum for the presentation of research in impact biomechanics, human injury tolerance, and related fields, advancing the knowledge of land-vehicle crash injury protection.

In This Issue

Topics discussed in this issue include:

• Injury biomechanics and mechanisms
• Seating position and occupant safety
• Neck injury prevention
• Crash test dummies and anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs)
• Crash data analysis and impact assessment
• Pedestrian and cyclist safety

Access Publications for Volume 61

Volumes of The Stapp Car Crash Journal are available for purchase in digital and print through The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). You may also purchase electronic copies of individual articles.

Purchase Vol. 61 through SAE

Articles from Volume 61

• Analysis of Repeatability and Reproducibility Standards of ATD Response for the Correlation Method
  Authors: Lan Xu and Guy Nusholtz—FCA US LLC, USA Abstract Statistical methods, using the entire time-history, can be used to assess the impact response of an ATD (Anthropomorphic Test Device) in terms of its repeatability and reproducibility. In general, the methods generate a correlation relationship described as shape, magnitude and…
• Application of Extreme Value Theory to Crash Data Analysis
  Authors: Lan Xu and Guy Nusholtz—FCA US LLC, USA Abstract A parametric model obtained by fitting a set of data to a function generally uses a procedure such as maximum likelihood or least squares. In general this will generate the best estimate for the distribution of the data overall but…
• Association of Impact Velocity with Serious-Injury and Fatality Risks to Cyclists in Commercial Truck-Cyclist Accidents
  Authors: Yasuhiro Matsui—National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory, Japan; Shoko Oikawa—Tokyo Metropolitan University; Kazuhiro Sorimachi, Akira Imanishi, and Takeshi Fujimura—Isuzu Advanced Engineering Center, Ltd. , Japan Abstract This study aimed to clarify the relationship between truck–cyclist collision impact velocity and the serious-injury and fatality risks to cyclists, and to investigate…
• Biofidelity Evaluation of the THOR and Hybrid III 50th Percentile Male Frontal Impact Anthropomorphic Test Devices
  Authors: Daniel Parent, Matthew Craig, Kevin Moorhouse—National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Abstract The objective of this study is to present a quantitative comparison of the biofidelity of the THOR and Hybrid III 50th percentile male ATDs. Quantitative biofidelity was assessed using NHTSA’s Biofidelity Ranking System in a total of 21 test…
• Biomechanics of Lumbar Motion-Segments in Dynamic Compression
  Authors: Mike W. J. Arun, Prasannaah Hadagali, Klaus Driesslein, William Curry, Narayan Yoganandan, and Frank A. Pintar—Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin Abstract Recent epidemiology studies have reported increase in lumbar spine injuries in frontal crashes. Whole human body finite element models (FEHBM) are frequently used to delineate mechanisms…
• Development of the CAVEMAN Human Body Model: Validation of Lower Extremity Sub-Injurious Response to Vertical Accelerative Loading 
  Authors: Kent Butz, Chad Spurlock, Rajarshi Roy, Cameron Bell, Paul Barrett, Aaron Ward, Xudong Xiao, Allen Shirley, Colin Welch, Kevin Lister—Corvid Technologies Abstract Improving injury prediction accuracy and fidelity for mounted Warfighters has become an area of focus for the U.S. military in response to improvised explosive device (IED) use…
• Human Foot-Ankle Injuries and Associated Risk Curves from Under Body Blast Loading Conditions
  Authors: Sajal Chirvi, Narayan Yoganandan, Mike Schlick, William Curry—Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin/VA Medical Center; Frank Pintar—Department of Neurosurgery/Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin/VA Medical Center; Anjishnu Banerjee—Division of Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin; Liming Voo—John Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Abstract Under body blast…
• Human Shoulder Response to High Velocity Lateral Impact
  Authors: Matthieu Lebarbé—CEESAR, Nanterre, France; Philippe Vezin—Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IFSTTAR, LBMC UMR_T9406, F69622, Lyon, France; Frédéric Rongiéras—Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, IFSTTAR, LBMC UMR_T9406, F69622, Lyon, France/Service de chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologique – Hôpital d’instruction des armées Desgenettes – 69003 Lyon, France; Denis Lafont—DGA…
• Neck Injury Response in High Vertical Accelerations and its Algorithmical Formalization to Mitigate Neck Injuries
  Authors: Julie Klima, Jian Kang, AnnMarie Meldrum, Steven Pankiewicz—Tank Automotive Research, Development, and Engineering Center Abstract Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC) conducted a comprehensive analysis of data collected during the evaluation of head and neck impact during injurious and non-injurious loading. This evaluation included impact velocity, helmet…
• New Reference PMHS Tests to Assess Whole-Body Pedestrian Impact Using a Simplified Generic Vehicle Front-End
  Authors: Eric Song, Philippe Petit, and Xavier Trosseille—LAB PSA Renault; Jérôme Uriot, Pascal Potier, and Denis Dubois—CEESAR; Richard Douard—Université Paris René Descartes Abstract This study aims to provide a set of reference post-mortem human subject tests which can be used, with easily reproducible test conditions, for developing and/or validating pedestrian…
• Occupant Kinematics in Simulated Autonomous Driving Vehicle Collisions: Influence of Seating Position, Direction and Angle
  Authors: Yuichi Kitagawa, Shigeki Hayashi, Katsunori Yamada, Mitsuaki Gotoh—Toyota Motor Corporation Abstract This two-part study analyzed occupant kinematics in simulated collisions of future automated driving vehicles in terms of seating configuration. In part one, a frontal collision was simulated with four occupants with the front seats reversed. The left front…
• Optimal Specifications for the Advanced Pedestrian Legform Impactor
  Authors: Takahiro Isshiki, Jacobo Antona-Makoshi, and Atsuhiro Konosu—Japan Automobile Research Institute; Yukou Takahashi—Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association Abstract This study addresses the virtual optimization of the technical specifications for a recently developed Advanced Pedestrian Legform Impactor (aPLI). The aPLI incorporates a number of enhancements for improved lower limb injury predictability with…
• Optimizing Seat Belt and Airbag Designs for Rear Seat Occupant Protection in Frontal Crashes
  Authors: Jingwen Hu and Matthew P. Reed—University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute; Jonathan D. Rupp—Emory University School of Medicine; Kurt Fischer, Paul Lange, and Angelo Adler—ZF TRW Automotive Holdings Corp Abstract Recent field data have shown that the occupant protection in vehicle rear seats failed to keep pace with advances…
• Strain-rate Dependency of Axonal Tolerance for Uniaxial Stretching
  Authors: Hiromichi Nakadate, Evrim Kurtoglu, Hidenori Furukawa, Shoko Oikawa, and Shigeru Aomura—Graduate School of System Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University; Akira Kakuta—Advanced Course of Mechanical and Computer Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tokyo College; Yasuhiro Matsui—National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory Abstract This study aims to clarify the relation between…

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