This page includes short communications developed for the 2023 Stapp Car Crash Conference, held in Ann Arbor Michigan. The Stapp Car Crash Conference is the premier forum for the presentation of research in impact biomechanics, human injury tolerance, and related fields, advancing the knowledge of land-vehicle crash injury protection.
Topics covered include:
- Effects and development of airbags and vehicle restraint systems
- Thoracic response during front, side, and rear impacts
- Modeling pedestrian impacts
- Examination of sex-based differences and injuries
- New data on the biomechanics of injury and human tolerance, new methods and tools to study the biomechanics of injury, new developments in occupant protection systems, and new concepts on the biomechanics of injury based on experimental and analytical studies.
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Exploring Heart Strain from Blunt Trauma through a Parametric Investigation of Real-World Commotio Cordis Cases Authors: Grant James Dickey, Jainee Patel, and Sarang Shin—School of Biomedical Engineering, Western University; Kewei Bian and Sakib Ul Islam—Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Western University; Haojie Mao—School of Biomedical Engineering/Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Western University; Erin Shore and Kristen Kucera—National Center for Catastrophic Sport Injury Research, University of North Carolina Abstract Commotio cordis (CC) is a fatal condition seen mostly in sports when a projectile strikes…
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Seated Posture of Occupants in Wheelchairs Authors: Brennen T. McManus, Byoung-Keon Daniel Park, Nichole R. Orton, Miranda St. Amour, Sheila M. Ebert, Jingwen Hu, Miriam A. Manary, Kyle J. Boyle, Laura Malik, Tyler Vallier, Matthew P. Reed, and Kathleen D. Klinich—University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute Abstract The advent of vehicles with automated driving systems (ADS) will be of particular benefit to people who remain seated in their wheelchairs while traveling. To develop occupant protection systems…
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Calibration of Kinematic Simulations of Pedestrian Injury Using Field Data Authors: Wenbo Sun, Jingwen Hu, Carol Flannagan, and Patrick Bowman—University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute; Iskander Farooq and Anil Kalra—Ford Motor Company Abstract Computer simulations have been widely used for occupant and pedestrian injury prediction as a result of vehicle impacts; however, their validity is often limited by the testing data being validated against. This article describes a machine learning method to improve prediction accuracy by calibrating the simulated pedestrian…
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Comparison of Chinese and German in-depth accident data of pedestrian thorax and head injuries Authors: Holger Staack, Volker Labenski, and Giacomo Marini—AUDI AG; Yunshi Liang—VW China CSA Abstract Outcomes from car to pedestrian accidents as recorded in 2022 German (GIDAS) and Chinese (CIDAS) in-depth accident databases are compared for moderate to severe (AIS2+) thorax and head injuries. Both databases are independently analyzed with respect to different injury types, e.g. thorax and head injuries. In general, accidents with AIS2+ thorax injuries are characterized by higher…
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Statistical estimation of the difference of two time-histories Author: Guy Nusholtz—FCA US LLC Abstract There are many methods to determine and characterize the relative differences of two-time histories, test to test, model to test, or comparing two different systems like different vehicle responses or different dummy responses. This short communication presents a method for comparison of two-time histories (model and the average of two or more tests) using a method that estimates the minimum differences of two-time histories….
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Development of proactive anti-whiplash system through a combined computational and experimental approach Authors: Kalish Gunasekaran and Yuze Li—Mechanical and Material Engineering, Western University; Qi Zhang—Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Western University; Haojie Mao—Mechanical and Material Engineering/School of Biomedical Engineering, Western University Abstract The majority of anti-whiplash safety technologies currently in production need to be mended or replaced after each deployment, and they are not engaged until a collision occurs. Thus, the purpose of this study was to develop a proactive anti-whiplash…
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Thoracic Response of the Hybrid III and THOR Small Female ATDs in Matched Frontal Sled Tests Authors: David M. Boyle, Devon L. Albert, Warren N. Hardy, and Andrew R. Kemper—Virginia Tech, Center for Injury Biomechanics Abstract The THOR 5th-percentile female (THOR-05F) anthropomorphic test device (ATD) was developed to have a more-biofidelic thorax than the Hybrid III 5th-percentile female (Hybrid III-05F) ATD. The objective of this study is to compare the thoracic responses of the two ATDs during matched frontal sled tests. A 7th-generation Toyota Camry driver…
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Sex-Based Differences in Calcaneal Fracture Tolerance under High-Rate Axial Loading Authors: Davide W. Ceritano, Danielle M. Cristino, and Warren N. Hardy—Virginia Tech, Center for Injury Biomechanics; Kerry A. Danelson—Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Abstract This study examines differences in sex-based criteria for axial loading of the ankle. Seventeen (17) right legs were excised from cadavers representing midsized males (6), large females (6), and small females (5). Each specimen was exposed once to high-rate…
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Low-Rate Ankle Stiffness in Human Volunteers Authors: Julia Polich, Kaitlin Henry, Garrett Bullock, Paula Gangopadhyay, Aaron Scott, and Kerry Danelson —Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation/Atrium Health Musculoskeletal Institute; Erika Matheis—Bennett Aerospace Inc., Contractor to US Army Research Laboratory; Michael Tegtmeyer—DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory; John Bolte IV—Ohio State University, Injury Biomechanics Research Center Abstract Military footwear design provides important foot and ankle support for military personnel. To assess these features,…
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Numerical investigations on the factors affecting thorax injuries in vehicle vs pedestrian accidents Authors: Dhaval Jani and Karina Lehmann—VAIVA GmbH, Germany; Holger Staack, Christian Teichmann, and Giacomo Marini—AUDI AG, Germany Abstract Recent studies have discussed the relevance of injuries to the thorax in vehicle vs pedestrian accidents. The present study reports preliminary investigations on effect of vehicle type, impact location, pedestrian orientation, pedestrian leg position for the walking posture and effect of upper extremity interaction with the vehicle, on the injury to the…
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Evaluation of the Thoracic Response of Male Post Mortem Human Surrogates in the Rear Seat during Frontal Impacts Authors: Samuel T. Bianco, Allison J. Guettler, Devon L. Albert, David M. Boyle, Warren N. Hardy, and Andrew R. Kemper—Virginia Tech, Center for Injury Biomechanics Abstract Recent studies have found that rear seat occupant protection might not have progressed as rapidly as the front seat, resulting in higher rear-seat injury risk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the thoracic response and damage outcomes of 50th-percentile male PMHS in…
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Development of ‘Relax Seat: Passenger Protection Airbag’ Authors: Seokmin Lee, Dongyoung Kim, Dongjoon Lee, Garam Jeong, Seokhoon Ko, and Jaehyun Lee—Hyundai Mobis Abstract With the advent of self-driving cars, significant changes are expected in the posture of occupants, leaning back the seat or sleeping comfortably. In response to the consumers' needs, automobile manufacturers have recently mounted ‘a Relax Seat’ on the front passenger seat, which can be moved comfortably by reclining the chair back. However, in the…
Publisher: The Stapp Association
