Biofidelic Evaluation of the Large Omni-Directional Child Anthropomorphic Test Device in Low Speed Loading Conditions

Authors: Thomas Seacrist, Jalaj Maheshwari, and Valentina Graci—The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Christine M. Holt, Raul Akkem, and Gregory Chingas—Drexel University; Ethan C. Douglas and Madeline Griffith—University of Pennsylvania; Aimee J. Palumbo—Temple University

Abstract

Motor vehicle crashes remain the leading cause of death for children. Traditionally, restraint design has focused on the crash phase of the impact with an optimally seated occupant. In order to optimize restrain design for real-world scenarios, research has recently expanded its focus to non-traditional loading conditions including pre-crash positioning and lower speed impacts. The goal of this study was to evaluate the biofidelity of the large omni-directional child (LODC) ATD in non-traditional loading conditions by comparing its response to pediatric volunteer data in low-speed sled tests. Low-speed (2-4 g, 1.9-3.0 m/s) frontal (0°), far-side oblique (60°), and far-side lateral (90°) sled tests, as well as lateral swerving (0.72 g, 0.5 Hz) tests, were conducted using the LODC. The LODC was restrained using a 3-point-belt with an electromechanical motorized seat belt retractor, or pre-pretensioner. Motion capture markers were placed on the head, torso, and belt. The LODC was compared to previously collected pediatric volunteer data as well as the HIII 10 and Q10. Significant difference between the pediatric volunteers and ATDs were identified by comparing the mean ATD response to the pediatric volunteer 95% CI. The LODC exhibited lower forward head excursion (262 mm) compared to pediatric volunteers (263 – 333 mm) in low-speed frontal sled tests (p<0.05), but was closer to the pediatric volunteers than the HIII 10 (179 mm) and Q10 (171 mm). In lateral swerving, the LODC (429 mm) exhibited greater lateral head excursion (p<0.05) compared to pediatric volunteers (115 – 171 mm). The LODC exhibited a greater reduction in kinematics compared to the pediatric volunteers in all loading conditions with a pre-pretensioner. These data provide valuable insight into the biofidelity of the LODC in non-traditional loading conditions, such as evaluating pre-crash maneuvers on occupant response.

Type: Full Paper

Keywords: LODC, ATD, biofidelity, kinematics, swerving, volunteers

© Stapp Association, 2019

Access Additional Papers from This Volume

View additional Full Papers from the Stapp Car Crash Journal, Volume 63.

• A Novel Approach to Scaling Age-, Sex-, and Body Size-Dependent Thoracic Responses using Structural Properties of Human Ribs
  Authors: Yun-Seok Kang, John H. Bolte IV, and Amanda M. Agnew—Injury Biomechanics Research Center, The Ohio State University; Jason Stammen…
• A Sensor Suite for Toeboard Three-Dimensional Deformation Measurement During Crash
  Authors: Mengyu Song and Cong Chen—Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Tomonari, Furukawa—University of Virginia; Azusa Nakata and Shinsuke Shibata—Honda…
• A Shoulder Injury Criterion for the EuroSID-2re Applicable in a Large Loading Condition Spectrum of the Military Domain
  Authors: Matthieu Lebarbé and Pascal Baudrit—CEESAR; Denis Lafont—DGA-TT, French Ministry of Defense Abstract The EuroSID-2re (ES-2re) is an Anthropometric Test…
• Analysis of Force Mitigation by Boots in Axial Impacts using a Lower Leg Finite Element Model
  Authors: Carolyn E. Hampton, Michael Kleinberger—U.S. Army Research Laboratory; Michael Schlick, Narayan Yoganandan, and Frank A. Pintar—Medical College of Wisconsin…
• Assessment of Several THOR Thoracic Injury Criteria based on a New Post Mortem Human Subject Test Series and Recommendations
  Authors: Xavier Trosseille and Philippe Petit—LAB PSA Renault; Jérôme Uriot, Pascal Potier, and Pascal Baudrit—CEESAR Abstract Several studies, available in…
• Biofidelic Evaluation of the Large Omni-Directional Child Anthropomorphic Test Device in Low Speed Loading Conditions
  Authors: Thomas Seacrist, Jalaj Maheshwari, and Valentina Graci—The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Christine M. Holt, Raul Akkem, and Gregory Chingas—Drexel…
• Brain Strain from Motion of Sparse Markers
  Authors: Zhou Zhou, Xiaogai Li, and Svein Kleiven—KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Warren N. Hardy—Virginia Tech-Wake Forest Center for Injury…
• Development of a Subhuman Primate Brain Finite Element Model to Investigate Brain Injury Thresholds Induced by Head Rotation
  Authors: Tushar Arora and Liying Zhang—Wayne State University; Priya Prasad—Prasad Engineering, LLC Abstract An anatomically detailed rhesus monkey brain FE…
• Factors Affecting Child Injury Risk in Motor-Vehicle Crashes
  Authors: Marco Benedetti, Kathleen D. Klinich, Miriam A. Manary, and Carol A.C. Flannagan—University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute Abstract Current…
• Far Side Impact Injury Threshold Recommendations Based on 6 Paired WorldSID / Post Mortem Human Subjects Tests
  Authors: Philippe Petit and Xavier Trosseille—LAB PSA Peugeot Citroën Renault (Nanterre – France); Jérôme Uriot, David Poulard, Pascal Potier, and…
• Human Response and Injury Resulting from Head Impacts with Unmanned Aircraft Systems
  Authors: David B. Stark, Arrianna K. Willis, Zach Eshelman, Yun-Seok Kang, Rakshit Ramachandra, and John H. Bolte IV—Injury Biomechanics Research…
• Kinematic and Biomechanical Response of Post-Mortem Human Subjects Under Various Pre-Impact Postures to High-Rate Vertical Loading Conditions
  Authors: Lauren Wood Zaseck, Anne C. Bonifas, Carl S. Miller, Nichole Ritchie Orton, and Matthew P. Reed—University of Michigan Transportation…
• Pedestrian Detection During Vehicle Backing Maneuvers Using Ultrasonic Parking Sensors
  Authors: Yasuhiro Matsui and Naruyuki Hosokawa—National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory, Japan; Shoko Oikawa—Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan Abstract Ultrasonic parking…
• PMHS and WorldSID Kinematic and Injury Response in Far-Side Events in a Vehicle-Based Test Environment
  Authors: Daniel Perez-Rapela, John-Paul Donlon, Jason L. Forman, and Jeff R. Crandall—University of Virginia, Center for Applied Biomechanics; Bengt Pipkorn…
• Response Ratio Development for Lateral Pendulum Impact with Porcine Thorax and Abdomen Surrogate Equivalents
  Authors: Jennifer L. Yaek and John M. Cavanaugh—Wayne State University; Stephen W. Rouhana—Vehicle Safety Sciences LLC Abstract There has been…

Looking for Something Else?