Authors: Yasuhiro Matsui and Naruyuki Hosokawa—National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory, Japan; Shoko Oikawa—Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan
Abstract
Ultrasonic parking sensors are an active technology designed to alert drivers to the presence of objects behind their vehicle but not the presence of a human. The purpose of this study was therefore to ascertain if these sensor systems can successfully detect a human subject. We accordingly conducted experiments using four vehicles equipped with both rear-facing center and corner ultrasonic parking sensor systems to determine the detection distance between the vehicle and a 1-m tall, 75-mm diameter pipe, a child, an adult woman, and an adult man. The detection of human subjects was evaluated under front-facing and side-facing conditions behind each vehicle. The results indicate that for a front-facing and side-facing child, the center sensor detection distances were 50-84% and 32-64%, respectively, shorter than that of the pipe. For front-facing and side-facing adults, the center sensor detection distances were just less than or roughly equivalent to that of the pipe at 89-102% and 78-97%, respectively. A similar trend was seen for the corner sensors. Notably, under the side-facing condition, the sensor detection distances were slightly shorter for all subjects than under the front-facing condition. These results reveal that ultrasonic parking sensor systems can not only detect objects but also humans, indicating that ultrasonic sensors are an available countermeasure to prevent backover accidents involving pedestrians. To address the shorter detection distance of children, a combination of ultrasonic parking sensors with other systems, such as backup cameras, may be more effective for avoiding backover collisions.
Type: Full Paper
Keywords: Backover accidents, ultrasonic waves, ultrasonic parking sensors, pedestrian detection systems
© Stapp Association, 2019
Access Additional Papers from This Volume
View additional Full Papers from the Stapp Car Crash Journal, Volume 63.
- A Novel Approach to Scaling Age-, Sex-, and Body Size-Dependent Thoracic Responses using Structural Properties of Human RibsAuthors: Yun-Seok Kang, John H. Bolte IV, and Amanda M. Agnew—Injury Biomechanics Research Center, The Ohio State University; Jason Stammen…
- A Sensor Suite for Toeboard Three-Dimensional Deformation Measurement During CrashAuthors: Mengyu Song and Cong Chen—Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Tomonari, Furukawa—University of Virginia; Azusa Nakata and Shinsuke Shibata—Honda…
- A Shoulder Injury Criterion for the EuroSID-2re Applicable in a Large Loading Condition Spectrum of the Military DomainAuthors: Matthieu Lebarbé and Pascal Baudrit—CEESAR; Denis Lafont—DGA-TT, French Ministry of Defense Abstract The EuroSID-2re (ES-2re) is an Anthropometric Test…
- Analysis of Force Mitigation by Boots in Axial Impacts using a Lower Leg Finite Element ModelAuthors: Carolyn E. Hampton, Michael Kleinberger—U.S. Army Research Laboratory; Michael Schlick, Narayan Yoganandan, and Frank A. Pintar—Medical College of Wisconsin…
- Assessment of Several THOR Thoracic Injury Criteria based on a New Post Mortem Human Subject Test Series and RecommendationsAuthors: Xavier Trosseille and Philippe Petit—LAB PSA Renault; Jérôme Uriot, Pascal Potier, and Pascal Baudrit—CEESAR Abstract Several studies, available in…
- Biofidelic Evaluation of the Large Omni-Directional Child Anthropomorphic Test Device in Low Speed Loading ConditionsAuthors: Thomas Seacrist, Jalaj Maheshwari, and Valentina Graci—The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia; Christine M. Holt, Raul Akkem, and Gregory Chingas—Drexel…
- Brain Strain from Motion of Sparse MarkersAuthors: Zhou Zhou, Xiaogai Li, and Svein Kleiven—KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Warren N. Hardy—Virginia Tech-Wake Forest Center for Injury…
- Development of a Subhuman Primate Brain Finite Element Model to Investigate Brain Injury Thresholds Induced by Head RotationAuthors: Tushar Arora and Liying Zhang—Wayne State University; Priya Prasad—Prasad Engineering, LLC Abstract An anatomically detailed rhesus monkey brain FE…
- Factors Affecting Child Injury Risk in Motor-Vehicle CrashesAuthors: Marco Benedetti, Kathleen D. Klinich, Miriam A. Manary, and Carol A.C. Flannagan—University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute Abstract Current…
- Far Side Impact Injury Threshold Recommendations Based on 6 Paired WorldSID / Post Mortem Human Subjects TestsAuthors: Philippe Petit and Xavier Trosseille—LAB PSA Peugeot Citroën Renault (Nanterre – France); Jérôme Uriot, David Poulard, Pascal Potier, and…
- Human Response and Injury Resulting from Head Impacts with Unmanned Aircraft SystemsAuthors: David B. Stark, Arrianna K. Willis, Zach Eshelman, Yun-Seok Kang, Rakshit Ramachandra, and John H. Bolte IV—Injury Biomechanics Research…
- Kinematic and Biomechanical Response of Post-Mortem Human Subjects Under Various Pre-Impact Postures to High-Rate Vertical Loading ConditionsAuthors: Lauren Wood Zaseck, Anne C. Bonifas, Carl S. Miller, Nichole Ritchie Orton, and Matthew P. Reed—University of Michigan Transportation…
- Pedestrian Detection During Vehicle Backing Maneuvers Using Ultrasonic Parking SensorsAuthors: Yasuhiro Matsui and Naruyuki Hosokawa—National Traffic Safety and Environment Laboratory, Japan; Shoko Oikawa—Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan Abstract Ultrasonic parking…
- PMHS and WorldSID Kinematic and Injury Response in Far-Side Events in a Vehicle-Based Test EnvironmentAuthors: Daniel Perez-Rapela, John-Paul Donlon, Jason L. Forman, and Jeff R. Crandall—University of Virginia, Center for Applied Biomechanics; Bengt Pipkorn…
- Response Ratio Development for Lateral Pendulum Impact with Porcine Thorax and Abdomen Surrogate EquivalentsAuthors: Jennifer L. Yaek and John M. Cavanaugh—Wayne State University; Stephen W. Rouhana—Vehicle Safety Sciences LLC Abstract There has been…