Stapp Journal, Volume 69

Discover the latest advancements in impact biomechanics and crash injury protection with the Stapp Car Crash Journal, Volume 69. This edition features papers submitted to the Stapp Car Crash Journal in 2024 and 2025 and presented at the 2024 and 2025 Stapp Car Crash Conferences. The Stapp Car Crash Conference is the premier forum for the presentation of research in impact biomechanics, human injury tolerance, and related fields, advancing the knowledge of land-vehicle crash injury protection.

In This Volume

Topics discussed in this volume include:

• Crash scenarios
• Injury biomechanics
• Occupant Kinematics
• Finite Element Models
• Simulations
• Human Body Models

Access eFirst Publications for Volume 69

Articles published by the Stapp Car Crash Journal may be made available prior to release of their respective journal volume in the form of an eFirst Article. Stapp Journal eFirst Articles follow strict guidelines regarding authoring and peer review but may not be in their final form. Support for the publication of Stapp Journal eFirst Articles is provided by The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE).

View Stapp Journal eFirst articles on SAE

Articles from Volume 69, Issue 1

• Assessment of the Skull Fracture Prediction Capability of Finite Element Head Models
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• Development of a Generic Nearside Impact Test Fixture for Evaluating In-Vehicle Crashworthiness of Wheelchairs
  Authors: Kyle Boyle, Jingwen Hu, Miriam Manary, Nichole R. Orton, Kathleen D. Klinich—University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute Abstract Current voluntary standards for wheelchair crashworthiness only test under frontal and rear impact conditions. To help provide an equitable level of safety for occupants seated in wheelchairs under side impact, we…
• Integration of Muscle Pre-tension and Activation to Evaluate Neck Muscle Strain Injury Risk during Simulated Rear Impacts Using a Finite Element Neck Model
  Authors: Matheus A. Correia, Stewart D. McLachlin, Duane S. Cronin—Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo Abstract Prevention of rear-impact neck injuries remains challenging for safety designers due to a lack of understanding of the tissue-level response and injury risk. Soft tissue injuries have been inferred from clinical,…
• Investigation of Injury Risk Functions of THOR-AV 50th Percentile Male Dummy
  Author: Z. Jerry Wang and George Hu—Humanetics Innovative Solutions, Inc. Abstract This research investigated injury risk functions (IRF) for the THOR-AV 50th percentile male dummy in accordance with ISO TS18506, focusing on areas with design changes. The IRF development utilized a combination of physical tests and finite element (FE) model…
• Proposed Reformulation of Brain Injury Criteria (BrIC) Using Head Rotation-Induced Brain Injury Thresholds Simulated and Derived Directly from A Subhuman Primate Finite Element Model
  Authors: Dominic R. Demma, Ying Tao, Liying Zhang—Wayne State University; Priya Prasad—Prasad Engineering, LLC Abstract Recent studies have found that Brain Injury Criteria (BrIC) grossly overpredicts instances of real-world, severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, as it stands, BrIC is the leading candidate for a rotational head kinematics-based brain injury…
• Traumatic Head and Brain Injuries in Helmeted Motorcycle Crashes
  Author: John Lloyd—BRAINS, Inc Abstract This study presents an analysis of 364 motorcycle helmet impact tests, including standard certified full-face, open-face, and half-helmets, as well as non-certified (novelty) helmet designs. Two advanced motorcycle helmet designs that incorporate technologies intended to mitigate the risk of rotational brain injuries (rTBI) were included…

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